judiciary

  1. Criminal Law

On the Criminal Justice System of Nepal and Its Challenges

Criminal Justice System (CJS) as an administrative vis-à-vis a legal mechanism for the enforcement of penal laws is characteristically entrusted for reducing crime rates, deterring the commission of crime, and their ramifications in a society either through punishment or rehabilitation of the offenders. This article aims to briefly assess the development of CJS in Nepal […]
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Revisiting Essential Medicine Regulations in Bangladesh in the Context of 2026 Reforms

The 2026 modification of Bangladesh’s National Essential Medicines List expands to 295 essential medicines and applies price-control regulations to them. It is an important addition to the country’s pharmaceutical policy regime. In Bangladesh, where out-of-pocket medical expenses remain high, it is important to reanalyse the changes alongside relevant national and international drug pricing regulations for […]
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An Examination of the ‘Personal Data Protection Ordinance 2025’ with Dr Md Toriqul Islam

Q1. In your opinion, does the Constitution of Bangladesh (Article 43) recognise privacy in a limited way? Does Personal Data Protection Ordinance (PDPO) 2025 meaningfully expand that protection in practice, or does the broad exemption clause in section 24 [national security, defence, public order, public interest] neutralise it? Answer: Firstly, Article 43 of the Constitution […]
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Strengthening Domestic Climate Governance: Legal Lessons from the ICJ Advisory Opinion for Bangladesh’s Climate Justice and Accountability Framework

Introduction Bangladesh is a country highly vulnerable to sea-level rise, erratic monsoons, and extreme weather events. It is considered to be at the front line of the current global climate crisis. Being a core proponent of requesting the International Court of Justice Advisory Opinion on the matter, Dhaka took the world’s most existential challenge to […]
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